Agroup of penguins is standing on an iceberg. half the iceberg falls into the ocean and half of the penguins are killed leaving the remaining penguins to carry on the population. what is this is an example of?

Hello! Your answer is the bottleneck effect.

Speaking more broadly, genetic drift is when a population becomes smaller, and there are fewer genotypes in the gene pool. There are two types of genetic drift: the bottleneck effect and the founder effect.

The bottleneck effect is when an environmental change / human activity causes many members of the population to die, which means that the gene pool is now represented by just a few organisms. This is correct in this scenario, as an environmental change caused the gene pool to be reduced.

The founder effect is when a new colony is established elsewhere, so only alleles in the smaller founder group will be reproduced.

Hope this helps!

Meningitis refers to the inflammation of the protective covering of the brain and the spinal cord called the meninges. It is due to the infection by the bacteria, virus, fungi or parasites. Pathological examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the brain and the spinal cord can confirm the presence of the pathogen in case of meningitis.

The boy has an history of swimming in his farm pond and the examination of his cerebrospinal fluid has revealed the presence of the amoeba. It is a case of parasitic meningitis which is also called the primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. It is an infection of the brain by a free-living, unicellular parasite called Naegleria fowleri. It is found in stagnant and warm fresh water bodies like lakes, rivers and ponds and in the non-chlorinated swimming pools. It enters the central nervous system through the nose and is a fatal disease.

Thus, the parasite is identified as Naegleria fowleri.