B) Would you expect the rate of speciation to be higher or lower for animals that cannot swim off the islands?explain

Utilitarian Justification

Many species have proved useful for us and many more may yet prove useful now or in the future, and therefore we should protect every species from extinction

Ecological Justification

We reason that organisms are necessary to maintain the functions of ecosystems and the biosphere. Individual species, entire ecosystems, and the biosphere provide public-service functions essential or important to the persistence of life, and as such they are indirectly necessary for our survival

Aesthetic Justification

That the endangered species needs to be preserved because biological diversity enhances the quality of our lives by providing some of the most beautiful and appealing aspects of our existence.  

Moral Justification

That the endangered species reserve the right to exist and therefore they should continue to exist and never go extinct. It's also a part of the intent of the law. The U.S. Endangered Species Act also includes statements concerning the rights of organisms to exist.

Cultural Justification

The species is important to a group of indigenous people that rely on the species for vegetation and wildlife for food, shelter, tools, fuel, materials for clothing, and medicine. The extinction of theses species can increase the poverty of these people.  

Explanation: i this right on edg2021