Describe (in complete sentences) and give examples (at least 3) of pioneer species.

Pioneer species are hardy species which are the first to colonize previously biodiverse steady-state ecosystems. Some lichens grow on rocks without soil, so may be among the first form of life. The example includes bacteria, fungi, and lichens.

Carbon is one of the important element present in the human body and in the environment as well. All the four biomolecules are made of the carbon element.

The carbon gets recycle in nature with the help of carbon cycle. Carbon is rotated between the living organisms and the environment. Humans release carbon dioxide and this was used by the plants during the process of photosynthesis. Some amount of carbons are deposited in the form of carbonates as well.