In addition to the transmission electron microscope (TEM), there is another type of electron microscope that is frequently used for specific purposes when studying cells and tissues, and even whole organisms. This microscope is called a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Use your lab manual, its support resources, and/or the Internet to investigate the use of scanning electron microscopy for biological applications. After gathering this information, please answer the following question. When would it be appropriate to use the SEM rather than the TEM

The basic difference between SEM and TEM is that TEM generates an image with the assistance of radiation that goes through the specimen, while the images generated by the SEM take place with the assistance of electrons getting released from the surface of the specimen.

SEM is primarily used to examine the composition of the surface, with the help of SEM one can study the microbes present in the ecological niche like in the lining of the gut and human skin. Due to its great depth, it is considered the electron microscope analog of a stereo light microscope. It helps in providing complete images of the cells present on the surface, which are not easy to get with the help of TEM. Due to its enhanced functionality, it can also be used for size determination and particle counting, and also for process control.

The correct answer is option C, that is, have a wider range of environments.  

It has been known that geographic isolation is a general way for the initiation of the process of speciation, like the rise of mountains, rivers changing course, migration of organisms, continental drift, due to this what was once a steady population gets differentiated into two or more kinds of smaller populations.  

A mountain range, due to distinctions in temperature and precipitation as a result of different altitudes, can lead to a higher rate of speciation. Due to these differences, a single mountain range can exhibit an enormous array of biodiversity and climate zones.