In fruit flies, straight wing shape is dominant to curly wing shape. A particular population of fruit flies is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to the alleles for wing shape. The Hardy-Weinberg equation, given below, is useful in understanding population genetics: P2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
a. Explain what the terms (p2, 2pq, and q2) represent in the population of fruit flies?
b. Describe one condition that is necessary for the population to be in equilibrium?

a) p² = homozygous dominant genotype frequency

   2pq = heterozygous genotype frequency

   q² = homozygous recessive genotype frequency

b) the population must be randomly mating.

Explanation:

(a) The formula for genotype frequency of a population with p and q alleles is as under:

        p² + 2pq + q²  = 1

where p allele is dominant over q allele.

Phenotypically p² + 2pq will produce same appearance i.e. dominant phenotype while q² will produce recessive phenotype. So it means that if 80% population is represented by p² + 2pq then 20% will be represented by q².

(b) One of the conditions for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is that the population must be randomly mating.

Primary production of any ecosystem is the production of chemical energy from light dependant reactions carried out by producers, the producers for the marine ecosystem are found near the ocean surface so the answer is a. first 50 feet.