Materials are able to move across a cell membrane through one of two methods: active transport or passive transport. what is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

a. active transport requires the cell to form vesicles, while passive transport requires the use of membrane pumps.

b. active transport is the only form of transport that requires the use of protein carriers.

c. active transport requires the cell to expend energy, while passive transport does not.

The answer is C, because in active transport molecules are moving against the concentration gradient which is from low pressure to high pressure (pushing against the pressure). whereas in passive transport it is moving with the flow of the concentration gradient which is from High to low (moving with the pressure).

How do will it affect the following with his ability to perform certain activities?

#1-A) If he damaged his Occipital lobe which is the rearmost area of each cerebral hemisphere he will have problems with his vision since the occipital lobe is almost exclusively devoted to the sense of vision.

#2-B) If he damaged his Hippocampus he would have memory problems since it is crucial in memory formation of new long-term declarative memories.

#3-C) If he damaged his Hypothalamus he would have serious problems with maintaining homeostasis functions like eating, drinking, temperature control, sleep/wake and BP,HR. It regulates many of the basic functions of our body. In other words it would be serious if there was damage.

#4-D) If he damaged his Amygdala he would have problems with his emotional state since it is a small temporal lobe structure next to and interconnected with the hippocampus with the crucial roles in acquisition of conditioned emotional responses and encoding storage of emotional memories.

#5-E) If he received damage to the broncos area he would have problems with speech. Since the broncos area functions is to direct the muscles that are involved in speech production. In other words he would not be able to speak words but would not have problems with knowing what he or she wants to say.

#6-F) If he received damage to the Wernicke's area he would have problems with making sente out of written and spoken language. The reason being that its function is involved with the understanding of written and spoken language. He would still be able to form words, but sentences would not make sense.

I hope it helps, Regards.