Over a long period of time, helpful variations in a species replace the unfavorable ones. This change can lead to
fossilization.

evolution.

geographic isolation.

genetic mutations

The helpful variations in species that replace the unfavorable traits and cause heritable changes to lead to evolution. The process was postulated by Charles Darwin.

The correct answer is:

Option B. Evolution

Evolution can be described as:

Evolution is the continuous process of adaptation and changes, which are inherited from generation to generation. The evolution due to natural selection is one of the most accepted theories, which demonstrates the replacing of unfavorable traits in a population.The evolution of species is believed to be from a common ancestor and possesses an evolutionary relationship.Evolution leads to biodiversity and genetic changes in an organism produced over several years.

Thus, option B, evolution is correct.

To know more about evolution, refer to the following link:

link

Changes that occur in species, over a long period of time and that include the the replacement of unfavorable characteristics by helpful variations lead to evolution (second option).

Explanation:

Evolution, in terms of biology, consists of the genetic, anatomical and functional changes that occur in individuals of different species, acquiring useful characteristics that replace unfavorable characteristics, due to processes such as natural selection, proposed by Charles Darwin.

Biological evolution raises the existence of a common ancestor, from which all current known species are known, and an evolutionary line for each of those species. Evolution is considered the basis of biodiversity, due to the genetic changes it has produced over many years.

Learn more:

Evolution link

To keep them going and making blood pop around