Preoperational thinker Blake has edged his way close to the top rim of the Grand Canyon. His mother then asks him, "What do you think someone at the bottom of the canyon looking up would see?" Given the egocentric nature of his thought, Blake’s most likely response would be

Option B

Explanation:

Options

a. the sky..

b. the same thing I see..

c. a bunch of little people looking down at me..

 d. I have no idea

Solution -

Because of egocentrism, a child is unable to analyze and view a situation from the perspective of  other person. This is the second stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development known as preoperational stage which generally starts at the age of 2 and last till the child is of age 7.  

According to Piaget, an egocentric child (beng unable to think of someone’s else perspective) believes that the other person will also see/feel/hear the same as he/she does him/herself.  

Hence, option B is correct

The correct answer is a. divergent evolution.

Explanation:

Divergent evolution leads to the evolution of different species which becomes dissimilar to each other due to evolutionary change. The change may occur due to change in their environment and niche. Species originated from divergent evolution have the same common ancestor.

Divergent evolution results in homologous structures for example animals like mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians are evolved from a common ancestor and have homologous structure as 5 digits pentadactyle limbs.

So humans also have 5 digits pentadactyle limbs and elephants also have 5 digits pentadactyle limbs which is an example of divergent evolution.  

Therefore, the correct answer is a. divergent evolution .