Scientists measure the rates of biochemical processes by monitoring either substrate depletion or product generation. considering this, what substrates or products might you monitor to determine the rate of photosynthesis? of cellular respiration?

The right answer is to monitor the increase or the decrease of gases which are O2 and CO2.

In photosynthesis:

It takes carbon dioxide and water to synthesize a molecule of glucose, releasing oxygen, thanks to the light energy. So we can monitor either the increase in oxygen or the decrease in carbon dioxide.

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2

In the cellular repsiration:

Breathing is a physiological process that supplies the body with oxygen and releases it from carbon dioxide. So we can monitor either the increase in CO2 or the decrease in O2.

C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP

Answer;

-Mechanical

Explanation;

-The stimuli for kinesthesis is the mechanical energy of joint and muscle movement. Kinesthesis is the perception of body movements. It involves being able to detect changes in body position and movements without relying on information from the five senses.

-The kinesthetic sense monitors the position and movements of muscles, bones, and joints.Through the sense of kinesthesis one can tell, even with the eyes closed, where the arms are located. Receptors in the joints and tendons send the brain information about the angle of the limbs.

-For example, a neuron connected to kinesthetic receptors in the elbow fires a certain number of impulses when the arm is outstretched.