The generation of ATP by the movement of hydrogen ions down their concentration gradient across a membrane occurs because of a process called a.
chemiosmosis

b.
diffusion

c.
reverse osmosis

d.
passive transport

Hmm h hmmm hm reverse osmosis??

A. chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane bound structure, down their electrochemical gradient. An example of this would be the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across a membrane during cellular respiration or photosynthesis.

Distance = 4√5

Concept:

Here, we need to know the concept of the distance formula.    

The distance formula is the formula, which is used to find the distance between any two points.

If you are still confused, please refer to the attachment below for a clear version of the formula.

Solve:

Given information

(x₁, y₁) = (-8, -4)

(x₂, y₂) = (0, -8)

Given equation

Substitute values into the equation

Simplify values in the parentheses through addition

Simplify exponents

Simplify by addition

Simplify the radical value into the simplest form

Hope this helps!! :)

Please let me know if you have any questions