The pedigree below tracks Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) through several generations. DMD is an X-linked recessive trait.

- If individual III-1 marries an unaffected, non-carrier female, none of their children will have DMD

Explanation:

From the options, the only correct statements is that  If individual III-1 marries an unaffected, non-carrier female, none of their children will have DMD

DMD is an X-linked recessive trait, meaning that a male individual is either affected or unaffected (can never be a carrier). III-1 is unaffected and if he marries an unaffected, non-carrier female, it means that none of their children will have DMD.

All the children of II-4 and II-5 will always come out with DMD because both parents are affected.

Individuals I-1 and II-1 are males. A male can never be a carrier in for X-linked traits. He is either affected or unaffected and as shown by the pedigree, both males are unaffected (unshaded).

In the absence of autoclave, one can use pressure cooker to sterilize the nutrient agar. The most important thing is that the temperature must be high enough to kill off any microbe present. The pressure cooker can be used in place of autoclave at the temperature of 121 degree Celsius for fifteen minutes.