The question is : Some simple organic compounds are shown. some structures are correct, but some have the wrong number bonds. Classify the compounds based on whether they show correct bonding or incorrect bonding. Please help, ASAP

1- Correct bonding

2- Incorrect bonding

3- Correct bonding

4- Incorrect bonding

Explanation:

1. Structure 1 is called formaldehyde or methanal as it shows the alkanal functional group (-CHO). The structure has a trigonal shape with one central carbon single bonded to two hydrogen atoms and double-bonded (=) to an oxygen atom. Hence, it shows correct bonding.

2. Structure 2 depicts a member of carboxylic group with a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). The carboxyl group has a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O) and single bonded to an hydroxyl group (OH). However, the structure is trying to depict ACETIC ACID, which has a methyl group (CH3) attached to its carboxyl group (COOH). One hydrogen is missing from the bonding, hence, it shows incorrect bonding.

3. Structure 3 is ETHANOL with an hydroxyll group. It is the second member of the alcohol group with an ethyl group (C2H5) attached to its alcohol functional group (-OH). Hence, it has chemical formula C2H5OH. The structure in the question shows correct bonding.

4. Structure 4 shows incorrect bonding because a carbon atom can only form FOUR covalent bonds with atoms of other elements (it has only four valence electrons). In this structure, five hydrogen atoms are attached to one carbon atom, which is chemically impossible.

The correct answer is interferons.

Explanation:

Interferon refers to the proteins that come under the category of cytokines, which are used to signal cells to stimulate the protective mechanisms to eliminate pathogens. The interferons refer to the signaling proteins that are produced and discharged from the host cells as a protective mechanism to fight against the existence of viruses.  

A cell infected with a virus makes the cells situated adjacent to enhance the anti-viral mechanisms. The interferons are named so as they possess the tendency to interfere with the replication of viruses, thus, it helps in safeguarding cells from the infections caused by viruses.