What are rotating air currents circulating around a vertical axis inside a supercell?

Supercell thunderstorms are perhaps the most violent of all thunderstorm types, and are capable of producing damaging winds, large hail, and weak-to-violent tornadoes. They are most common during the spring across the central United States when moderate-to-strong atmospheric wind fields, vertical wind shear (change in wind direction and/or speed with height), and instability are present. The degree and vertical distribution of moisture, instability, lift, and wind fields have a profound influence on convective storm type, including supercells, multicells (including squall lines and bow echoes), ordinary/pulse storms, or a combination of storm types. Once thunderstorms form, small/convective-scale interactions also influence storm type and evolution. There are variations of supercells, including "classic," "miniature," "high precipitation (HP)," and "low precipitation (LP)" storms. In general, however, the supercell class of storms is defined by a persistent rotating updraft (i.e., mesocyclone) which promotes storm organization, maintenance, and severity. More information concerning environmental conditions and the structure of classic and HP supercells is given below. WSR-88D Doppler radar imagery showing the evolution of some supercell events across Kentucky and south-central Indiana are available.

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