What is implied by the web of causation model?
a. variables interact resulting in higher probability of illness.
b. one disease causes another, especially in vulnerable populations.
c. the greater the poverty, the more likely people are to have diseases.
d. immunizations are necessary because vulnerable populations spread disease.

a. Variables interact resulting in higher probability of illness.

Explanation:

Causality is the relationship between an event A (the cause) and a second event B (the effect), provided that the second event is a consequence of the first. Causality is logically identified in "if not A, then not B", provided the empirical occurrence of at least one B. The above expression is not strictly equivalent to the expression "if A then B", but this is not that the one usually linked in common sense to the concept of causality. Many causal models are used to explain phenomena, whether in science or common sense. In biological sciences, the use of chance models asserts that variables interact resulting in a higher probability of a disease.

Anna has been dead for more than a few hours.

Explanation:

There must have been enough time for the flies to find the body and lay the eggs.