What type of fertilization requires a great excess of egg and sperm gametes because most are wasted

What type of fertilization requires a great excess of egg and sperm gametes because most are wasted? external fertilization.    

The answer is cellular aging theory. This theory focuses on the ways then that the molecules as well as the cells are being affected by aging and the passage of time. Aside from this theory there are 2 more theories of aging namely the genetic theory and the wear and tear.