You are graduating from nursing school in three months and have already lined up a new job. However, your employer informs you that before you start your job, it is mandatory for you to be vaccinated against hepatitis B, a double-stranded DNA virus that can cause the disease hepatitis. Your friend wonders why you need to get the vaccine. You aced your microbiology class and you know a lot about both viruses and vaccines, so you give your friend a mini lesson. You friend wonders whether the same type of virus can cause both an acute and a persistent infection?
a. No—a virus causes either an acute infection or a persistent infection, butnever both.
b. Yes—the initial infection might be acute but the virus can later become latent by becoming integrated into the host cell genome.
c. Yes—acute and persistent infections are really the same thing except that people with persistent infections recover more quickly than those with acute infections.
d. Yes—acute and persistent infections are really the same thing except that people with acute infections recover more quickly than those with persistent infections.
e. No—if the initial infection is acute, the virus would have to mutate in the host before being able to cause a persistent infection.
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Ответ:
Correct A). Light slows down as it moves from the air in to the water, resulting in refraction, or a bending of light.
This is because as light travels through one media it travels in a straight line, however, when it travels from one media to another media it bends, light path bends because of the phenomenon of refraction of light.
The refraction takes place only at the boundary, as the light continues to cross the boundary, it travels in a straight line.
So, as the portion of the pencil is submerged in water, the light will travel from water to air.
Hence it appears to be broken because of refraction of light. So, the correct answer would be option A.