According to the network model proposed by collins and quillian, common characteristics that different breeds of dogs share (e.g.: fur, tail, sharp hearing) will appear only once and as high up as possible in the network. what is this concept called?

The answer is non-redundancy. In addition, redundancy is a system design in which a constituent is replicated so if it fails there will be a holdup. The redundancy has a negative implication when the repetition is pointless or is simply the outcome of poor preparation.

Obviously life insurance lol