Randall, a protectionist, has seen several small businesses go bankrupt because they were unable to compete with the cheaper prices of goods provided by foreign companies. The cell-phone manufacturing industry has just started in the United Kingdom, and Randall's company is one of the first to try its hand at cell-phone manufacturing. Which of the following arguments is most likely to be used by Randall to persuade his government to restrict the import of foreign cell phones from foreign companies? 1) Conservation of natural resources
2) Protection of an infant industry
3) Maintenance of standard of living
4) National defense
5) The need to keep money at home

Protection of an infant industry is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Total fixed costs  = $6,800

b. Total variable cost = $2,775

c.  = $0.48 per mile

2. iii variable costs, because they can be avoided.

Explanation:

Fixed costs are costs that do not vary with output. e,g, rent, mortgage payments

If production is zero or if production is a million, Mortgage payments do not change - it remains the same no matter the level of output.  

Hourly wage costs and payments for production inputs are variable costs

Variable costs are costs that vary with production

If a producer decides not to produce any output, there would be no need to hire labour and thus no need to pay hourly wages.  

Depreciation + Insurance + cost of registration

Depreciation = Cost - salvage = 8,000 - 3,200 = $4,800

Insurance = 960 x 2 = 1920

Total fixed cost = 4,800 + 1920 + 80  = $6,800

Total variable cost

Gasoline + Service + Oil change + tire replacement

Gasoline = 10,000/ 50 = 2000 x 2.5 x 2 = 1000

= (1000 + (240 * 5) + (35 * 5) + 400

= 1,000 + 1,200 + 175 + 400  = $2,775

Total cost / Number of miles

= (6,800 + 2,775) / (10,000 * 2 years)

= $0.48 per mile