Business: Which type of chaining results in the learner being reinforced after they perform the final step in the chain?

Which type of chaining results in the learner being

tjgamer12

05.01.2022

The type of chaining that results in the abecedarian being bolstered after they operate the final step in the chain is called the backwards chaining.

To add. backward chaining (or backward reasoning) is an inference method that can be described colloquially as working backward from the goal(s).

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kraigstlistt

19.02.2021

bond market value $660

Explanation:

We need to calculate the present value of the maturity and the cuopon payment using the effective rate of 9.7%

First we do the annuity:

$C \times \frac{1-(1+r)^{-time} }{rate} = PV\\$

C 24.25 (1,000 face value x 4.85 bond rate / 2 )

time 24.00 (12 year 2 payment a year)

rate 0.04850 (current rate divide by 2 to get it annually)

$24.25 \times \frac{1-(1+0.0485)^{-24} }{0.0485} = PV\\$

PV$339.55

Then present value of the maturity

$\frac{Maturity}{(1 + rate)^{time} } = PV$

Maturity 1,000.00 the face value of the bond

time 24.00

rate 0.04850

$\frac{1000}{(1 + 0.0485)^{24} } = PV$

PV 320.89

Finally we add them together:

PV coupon payment$339.5545

PV maturity $320.8910

Total$660.4455

rounding to nearest dollar

bond market value $660

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