2. The bulb of the thermometer placed at the head of a distillation apparatus should be adjacent to the condenser. Explain the effects on the temperature recorded if the thermometer were placed (a) well below the exit to the condenser and (b) above exit.

Explanation:

(a)  When we place the bulb of thermometer below then there would be vapors due to high temperature. And, since you are measuring temperature of the vapors closer to when evaporated.

As a result, there will be inaccurate temperature reading (higher than the actual reading).

(b)   When we place the bulb above the condenser then we are not able to measure the vapors directly as they are escaping into the condenser before their temperature can be measured.

As a result, we will get inaccurate results of room temperature.

Transition metals

Explanation: