An engineer measures the capacity of an electricity-generating plant. The capacity is 312MW. What is the capacity in watts? Write your answer in scientific notation.

The answer is:

1) As the atoms approach to each other, the net force of attraction increases (electrostatic attraction between the protons in nuclei and the electrons in the orbitals), at a certain optimal distance between atoms (bond length), the net attractive force is maximized.

2) If the atoms move closer than the optimal distance, repulsive force exceeds attractive force and atoms do no form molecule.