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laneycasey9058
06.07.2019 •
Chemistry
How many molecules of ethanol (c2h5oh) (the alcohol in alcoholic beverages) are present in 140 ml of ethanol? the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/cm3?
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Ответ:
mass = (140 cm³)(0.789 g/cm³)
mass = 110.46 g
Then, calculate the number of moles of ethanol by dividing the mass by the molar mass of ethanol equal to 46.07 g/mol.
number of moles = (110.46 g/ 46.07 g/mol) = 2.4 mol
Then, multiply the number of moles by the Avogadro's number.
2.4 mol (6.022 x 10²³)
number of molecules = 1.445 x 10²⁴
Ответ:
Taking into account the definition of density and Avogadro's number, 1.44×10²⁴ molecules of ethanol are present in 140 ml of ethanol.
Definition of densityDensity is defined as the property that matter, whether solid, liquid or gas, has to compress into a given space.
In other words, density is a quantity that allows us to measure the amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance. Then, the expression for the calculation of density is the quotient between the mass of a body and the volume it occupies:
Avogadro's Number
Avogadro's Number or Avogadro's Constant is called the number of particles that make up a substance (usually atoms or molecules) and that can be found in the amount of one mole of said substance. Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.
Amount of molecules of ethanolIn this case, you know that:
Density= 0.789Replacing in the definition of density:
Solving:
mass= 0.789
×140 cm³
mass= 110.46 g
The molar mass of ethanol, that is, the amount of mass present in one mole of the compound, is 46
. Then the number of moles that 110.46 g of ethanol contain is calculated by:
110.46 g×
= 2.40 moles
Finally, you can apply the following rule of three: If by definition of Avogadro's number 1 mole of ethanol contains 6.023×10²³ molecules, 2.40 moles contains how many molecules?
amount of molecules= (2.40 moles× 6.023×10²³ molecules)÷ 1 mole
amount of molecules= 1.44×10²⁴ moles
In summary, 1.44×10²⁴ molecules of ethanol are present in 140 ml of ethanol.
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Avogadro's Number:
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