Most carbon compounds are formed by exchanging electrons with carbon.
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false

Most carbon compounds are formed by exchanging electrons with carbon. True

The kinetic theory assumes that the molecules of matter are in continuous motion which is very fast with gaseous molecules, fast with liquid molecules and slower with solid molecules. Also, temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules. That is, there’s a direct relationship between temperature and the average kinetic energy of molecules. This means that an increase in temperature leads to a corresponding increase in the kinetic energy of the molecules and vice versa.

I.In the first case, there will be an increase in evaporation of the liquid molecules leading to an increase in the number of gaseous molecules in the balloon hence inflating the balloon.

Evaporation is a process whereby the more energetic molecules of a liquid on its surface break free from the attraction of the liquid molecules and escape to the space above. So, as the temperature of the liquid is increased, the kinetic energy of the liquid molecules increases. This increases the frequency of collisions of the surface liquid molecules leading to an increase in evaporation. As more liquid molecules evaporate from the liquid and turns to vapor, there is increase in the gas molecules in the balloon subsequently leading to the increase in the size of the balloon.

II.In the second case, there will be condensation, resulting in a deflation of the balloon.

Condensation is a process whereby more energetic molecules (like gas molecules) lose some of their kinetic energy to a colder body and condenses as liquid droplets on the colder body.

With the half-filled glass bottle in a cold water bath, some of the gases in the balloon will experience a reduction in speed and will lose their kinetic energy to the colder body by condensing as droplets of water into the bottle, thereby leading to decrease in the number of gaseous molecules in the balloon, so, reducing the size of the balloon.

Condensation can also be clearly seen when droplets of water are observed on the body of a can of cold drink just brought out of the refrigerator after a while. This happens because the water vapor around the drink loses some of their kinetic energy to the drink ( colder body ) and condenses as water droplets on the surface of the can.