Chemistry: The complete combustion of propane (C3H8) in the presence of oxygen yields CO2 and H2O: C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g) a. Calcluate the volume of carbon dioixde ( at s.t.p.) that would be produced by the combustion of 27.5 g of C3H8 burns in the presence of 45.0 L of O2.

The complete combustion of propane (C3H8) in

Ответ:

stef76

19.01.2022

Chemistry

$\large \boxed{\text{27.0 L CO}_{2}}$

Explanation:

We are given the amounts of two reactants and asked to determine the amount of product.

This is a limiting reactant problem.

1. Assemble the information

We will need a balanced chemical equation with molar masses and volumes, so, let's gather all the information in one place.

MV/L: 22.71 22.71

Mᵣ: 44.10

C₃H₈ + 5O₂ ⟶ 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

m/g: 27.5

V/L: 45.0

2. Calculate the moles of each reactant

(a) Propane

$\text{Moles of C$_{3}$H$_{8}$} = \text{27.5 g C$_{3}$H$_{8}$} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mol C$_{3}$H$_{8}$}}{\text{44.10 g C$_{3}$H$_{8}$}} = \text{0.6236 mol C$_{3}$H$_{8}$}$

(b) Oxygen

The volume of 1 mol of a gas at STP (0 °C and 1 bar) is 22.71 L

$\text{Moles of O$_{2}$} = \text{45.0 L O}_{2} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mol O$_{2}$}}{\text{22.71 L O$_{2}$}} = \text{1.982 mol O$_{2}$}$

3. Calculate the moles of CO₂ from each reactant

$\textbf{From C$_{3}$H$_{8}$:}\\\text{Moles of CO$_{2}$} = \text{0.6236 mol C$_{3}$H$_{8}$} \times \dfrac{\text{3 mol CO$_{2}$}}{\text{1 mol C$_{3}$H$_{8}$}} = \text{1.871 mol CO}_{2}\\\\\textbf{From O$_{2}$:}\\\text{Moles of CO$_{2}$} =\text{1.982 mol O$_{2}$} \times \dfrac{\text{3 mol CO$_{2}$}}{\text{5 mol O$_{2}$}} = \text{1.189 mol CO$_{2}$}\\\\\textbf{Oxygen} \text{ is the limiting reactant because it gives fewer moles of CO$_{2}$.}$

4. Calculate the volume of CO₂

$\text{ Volume of CO$_{2}$} = \text{1.189 mol CO$_{2}$} \times \dfrac{\text{22.71 L CO$_{2}$}}{\text{1 mol CO$_{2}$}} = \textbf{27.0 L CO}_\mathbf{{2}}\\\\\text{The reaction produces $\large \boxed{\textbf{27.0 L CO}_\mathbf{{2}}}$}$

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Ответ:

uhhgray

04.03.2022

Chemistry

Flame tests use simple equipment, making them ideal for fieldwork. Geologists use the flame test to identify the presence of metals. Forensic scientists can use flame tests at crime scenes for quick analysis of elements present. Miners use the test for analysis of samples, particularly when prospecting. Flame tests provide a good teaching tool for chemistry students learning about emission spectra.

Unlike more sophisticated spectrographic equipment, a flame test requires only a gas burner, a hydrochloric acid solution and nichrome wire to hold the sample. The process is simple: dip the nichrome wire in the acid solution and hold it in the flame to remove any impurities, then affix the sample and hold it in the flame. The emitted colors show what metal ions the sample contains. For example, Copper emits a deep blue, Sodium bright orange and Lead a grey-white color. A table of elements and their characteristic colors helps with identification.

Explanation:

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The complete combustion of propane (C3H8) in the presence of oxygen yields CO2 and H2O:
C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)
a. Calcluate the volume of carbon dioixde ( at s.t.p.) that would be produced by the
combustion of 27.5 g of C3H8 burns in the presence of 45.0 L of O2.

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