The energy of the universe is constant. That what mentioned by the first law of thermodynamics, Does this mean that AE is always equal to zero?
Select one:
a. Yes, AE = 0 at all times, which is why q = -W
b. No, AE does not always equal zero because it refers to the system's internal energy, which is
affected by heat and work.
c. No, AE never equals zero because work is always being done on the system or by the
system.
d. No, AE does not always equal zero, but this is only due to factors like friction and heat.
e. No, AE never equals zero because energy is always flowing between the system and
surroundings.

No, ΔE does not always equal zero because it refers to the systems internal energy, which is affected by heat and work

Explanation:

According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy is neither created nor destroyed. This implies that the total energy of a system is always a constant.

So, according to the first law of thermodynamics we have that ΔE = q + w. This means that the value of  ΔE depends on q (heat) and  w(work). Hence ΔE is not always zero since it depends on the respective values of q and w.

 For reading temperatures of cold water, the most appropiate instrument is a a calibrated bulb thermometer that has a readout from 15 C to 25 C a calibrated digital

Explanation:

Among all the options, the most accurate termometer is  a calibrated digital thermometer, however, we have to keep in mind the student´s experiment , and he needs to read cold temperatures instead of hot temperatures; finally the most useful termometer giving the current experiment is the calibrated bulb thermometer, because  its readings are reliable, considering that is already calibrated under the range of temperatures that the study is taking place.