What type of radioactive decay is shown? 82 Br → 82 Kr + te 35 36 Alpha O Beta O Gamma?

In 1889, Ernest Rutherford recognized and named two modes of radioactive decay, showing the occurrence of both processes in a decaying sample of natural uranium and its daughters. Rutherford named these types of radiation based on their penetrating power: heavier alpha and lighter beta radiation. Gamma rays, a third type of radiation, were discovered by P. Villard in 1900 but weren't recognized as electromagnetic radiation until 1914. Since gamma radiation is only the discharge of a high-energy photon from an over-excited nucleus, it does not change the identity of the atom from which it originates and therefore will not be discussed in depth here.

Because nuclear reactions involve the breaking of very powerful intra nuclear bonds, massive amounts of energy can be released. At such high energy levels, the matter can be converted directly to energy according to Einstein's famous Mass-Energy relationship E = mc2. The sum of mass and energy are conserved in nuclear decay. The free energy of any spontaneous reaction must be negative according to thermodynamics (ΔG < 0), and ΔG is essentially equal to the energy change ΔE of nuclear reactions because ΔE is so massive.

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The ability of ionic LiCl to dissolve in CH3COCH3 is because of its significant covalent character.

LiCl has a significantly covalent character according to Fajan's rules because Li^+ is highly polarizing since it has a small positive charge concentrated over a small area. It is exceptionally good at distorting a negative charge and favoring covalency.

Remember, lattice energy depends on the size of the ions. Owing to the large size of chloride ion, the hydration energy of LiCl is greater than its lattice energy so it dissolves even in a less polar solvent such as CH3COCH3.

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