Chemistry: Which of these do not obey the octet rule? select all that apply. select all that apply. clo clo− clo2− clo3− clo4−?

4.3020 grams of calcium sulfate will be produced.Explanation:To calculate the number of moles, we use the formula: ....(1)For calcium carbonate:Given mass of calcium carbonate = 3.1660 gMolar mass of calcium carbonate = 100.0869 g/molPutting values in above equation, we get:For sulfuric acid:Given mass of sulfuric acid = 3.2900 gMolar mass of sulfuric acid = 98.079 g/molPutting values in above equation, we get:For the given reaction:By Stoichiometry of the reaction:1 mole of calcium carbonate...

Which of these do not obey the octet rule? select

Ответ:

Mrlittlefish

14.03.2022

Chemistry

$\boxed{{\text{ClO,ClO}}_{\text{2}}^ - {\text{,ClO}}_{\text{3}}^ - {\text{,ClO}}_{\text{4}}^ - }$ does not follow the octet rule.

Further Explanation:

Octet rule: states that for the stability of any element it must have a valence shell of eight electrons (octet means a group of eight). This rule is given by Kossel and Lewis.

Atoms of same or different elements with an incomplete electronic configuration that is having electrons less than 8 are unstable and they combine together to form stable molecules with a complete octet. They can combine by sharing of electrons or loss or gain of electrons.

In ${\mathbf{ClO}}$ , Chlorine (Cl) has 7 electrons in its outer shell and oxygen has 6 electrons in its outer shell. So chlorine and oxygen share 2 electrons each to complete their octet and attain stability. Chlorine atom in the compound has ten electrons in its outer shell so it doesn’t follow the octet rule.

In ${\mathbf{Cl}}{{\mathbf{O}}^ - }$ , Chlorine(Cl) has 7 electrons in its outer shell and oxygen has a unit negative charge on it $\left( {{{\text{O}}^ - }} \right)$ so, it has 7 electrons also in its outer shell. So chlorine and oxygen share one electron each to complete their octet and attain stability. All the atoms have eight electrons in their outer shell so they follow the octet rule.

In ${\mathbf{ClO}}_2^ -$ , Chlorine (Cl) has 7 electrons in its outer shell and there is 2 oxygen attached to Cl. One has a unit negative charge on it $\left( {{{\text{O}}^ - }} \right)$ and the other is neutral. So, chlorine and neutral oxygen share 2 electrons each to get a stable octet and form a double bond. Similarly, chlorine shares 1 electron with oxygen ion with a negative charge on it forming a single bond with it. A chlorine atom has ten electrons in its outer shell so the compound doesn’t follow the octet rule.

In ${\mathbf{ClO}}_3^ -$ , Chlorine (Cl) has 7 electrons in its outer shell and there is 3 oxygen attached to Cl. One has a unit negative charge on it $\left( {{{\text{O}}^ - }} \right)$ and the other two are neutral. So, chlorine and both neutral oxygen share 2 electrons to get a stable octet and form a double bond. Similarly, chlorine shares 1 electron with oxygen ion with a negative charge on it, forming a single bond with it. Here, Cl has ten electrons in its outer shell, so it doesn’t follow the octet rule.

In ${\mathbf{ClO}}_4^ -$ , Chlorine (Cl) has 7 electrons in its outer shell and there is 4 oxygen attached to Cl. One has a unit negative charge $\left( {{{\text{O}}^ - }} \right)$ on it and the other three are neutral. So, chlorine and both neutral oxygen share 2 electrons to get a stable octet and form a double bond. Similarly, chlorine shares 1 electron with oxygen ion with a negative charge on it, forming a single bond with it.

Here, Cl has fourteen electrons in its outer shell, so it doesn’t follow the octet rule.

Learn more:

1. The octet rule states that:link

2. How many covalent bond nitrogen forms: link

Answer details:

Grade: Secondary School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Chemical Bonding

Keywords: octet rule, stability, oxygen, chlorine, covalent, sharing, ClO2-, ClO3-, ClO4-, ClO-and ClO.

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Ответ:

gonzalesrosalinda66

24.06.2020

Chemistry

4.3020 grams of calcium sulfate will be produced.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the formula:

$\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}$ ....(1)

For calcium carbonate:

Given mass of calcium carbonate = 3.1660 g

Molar mass of calcium carbonate = 100.0869 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\text{Moles of calcium carbonate}=\frac{3.1660g}{100.0869g/mol}=0.0316mol$

For sulfuric acid:

Given mass of sulfuric acid = 3.2900 g

Molar mass of sulfuric acid = 98.079 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\text{Moles of sulfuric acid}=\frac{3.2900g}{98.079g/mol}=0.0335mol$

For the given reaction:

$CaCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+H_2CO_3$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of calcium carbonate reacts with 1 mole of sulfuric acid

So, 0.0316 moles of calcium carbonate will react with = $\frac{1}{1}\times 0.0316mol=0.0316mol$

As, the given amount of sulfuric acid is more than the required amount. Hence, it is present in excess and is considered as an excess reagent.

Calcium carbonate is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of calcium carbonate produces 1 mole of calcium sulfate

So, 0.0316 moles of calcium carbonate will produce = $\frac{1}{1}\times 0.0316mol=0.0316mol$ of calcium sulfate.

Now, to calculate the mass of calcium sulfate, we use equation 1:

Molar mass of calcium sulfate = 136.14 g/mol

Moles of calcium sulfate = 0.0316mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$0.0316mol=\frac{Mass of calcium sulfate}}{136.14g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of calcium sulfate}=4.3020g$

Hence, 4.3020 grams of calcium sulfate will be produced.

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Which of these do not obey the octet rule? select all that apply. select all that apply. clo clo− clo2− clo3− clo4−?

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