How did cultural protest cause change in the status quo for african americans?

The majority of states and local communities passed “Jim Crow” laws that mandated “separate but equal” status for African Americans. Jim Crow Laws were statutes and ... During the early 1960s numerous civil rights demonstrations and protests were held, particularly in the south. On February 1, 1960, in a Woolworth 

I’m pretty sure it would be 1. but i may be wrong.