What type of organizational pattern is reflected in these main points?
i. as a young child, j.r.r. tolkien and his young cousins invented a language called nebosh.
ii. as a college student, j.r.r. tolkien invented several languages influenced by welsh and finnish.
iii. by the time he published the works of fiction for which he is famous, j.r.r. tolkien had invented a number of elvish languages.

Chronological

Explanation:

This is Chronological type of organizational pattern that is reflected.

Here the events are mentioned in the chronological manner starting from the earliest.

It is mentioned that J.R.R. Tolkien in his childhood, invented a new  language, named Nebosh together with his young cousins.

Then gradually as he grew, as a college student, he invented several languages that is  influenced by Finnish and Welsh.

And by the time J.R.R. Tolkien became famous, he invented several number of Elvish languages.

Thus all these events are shown from J.R.R. Tolkien's childhood to adulthood.  It is a chronological pattern.

Thus the answer is chronological pattern.

C. Life to driving

Explanation:

Janet S. Wong's poem "Hard on the Gas" is an example of very effective use of metaphor.

The author tells about her father's learning to drive and eventual driving. She states he learned himself to drive and that his drive was never easy.

This is a way in which she talks about his life. We can infer that he had to go through life alone and he had to learn to take care for himself (maybe his parents died early). It is also suggested that his life was never easy and that it was constant fight.

So, by explaining one thing, the author explains us his father's life in comparing these two things.