Although the supreme court ruled it was allowed, some students believe that random searches are a violation of which amendment

It would be the 4th amendment. This is because the fourth amendment gives people the right against unreasonable search and seizures. This is where probable cause and the exclusionary rule come into effect!

Hope this helps! :)

Before Thoreau was put to prison he was in protest against slavery and because of that he refused to pay taxes. He argued on the unjust government his country had. He was even thinking of an aggressive war but he doubted the government’s reform by simply petitioning for change.