How did the reigns if alexander iii and nicholas ii helo pave the way fir revolution?

The reigns of Alexander III and Nicholas II helped pave the way for revolution because they both upheld an autocratic government without reform. Alexander III and Nicholas II were hellbent on reforms. Instead, they were determined to strengthen autocracy, Orthodoxy, and Nationality in Russia.

It was avignionian aptivity named after town avignion in france non of it is true the reason for that was that king of france philip the fair wanted to have more control over the papacy and to make pope his puppet