How were the reasons for empire growth and decline similar and different in various world regions?

From the collapse of ancient Rome to the fall of the Mayan empire, evidence from archaeology suggests that five factors have almost invariably been involved in the loss of civilizations: uncontrollable population movements; new epidemic diseases; failing states leading to increased warfare; collapse of trade routes

I blieve the answer is: Elasticity, Clearance sales and income

Elasticity would affect consumer demand by influencing the amount of demand when facing price fluctuation.

Clearance sales would put higher number of demand because the price of products in clearance sales tend to be lower compared to normal period.

Income would influence demand by determining the amount of goods that consumers able to buy for their use.