The successful launch of sputnik 1 was the first instance of what? ?

First instance of a successful launch of an artificial earth satellite launched in the outer space. just for more information, it was launched by the soviet union in the 4th Of October 1957, which created a space race between usa and the soviet union to gain the domination of Space and prevent the other of having a military advantage

One major effect of the european slave trade on africa was that the slave trade reached higher and wider scale than before and ecome major source of income for african leaders