What impact did the cotton gin have the institution of slavery during the 19th century

It caused an increase in slave labor. The more cotton gins a slave owner had, the more slaves they needed to work them.

Explanation:

It would be the economic policy of "mercantilism" that was based on the idea that the American colonies primarily were meant to provide economic benefits for Great Britain, since this philosophy held that trade between two entities benefits mainly the larger entity (in this case Britain), and that it is in that entity's best interest to protect its trading partner (the colonies).