What was the principal cause of the Peloponnesian Wars? A. Sparta murdered Socrates.
B. A noble Athenian eloped with the wife of a Spartan king.
C. Sparta was concerned about the growing power of Athens.
D. Athens became concerned about the growing strength of the Spartan navy.

C. Sparta was concerned about the growing power of Athens.

Explanation:

The Peloponnesian Wars was an ancient Greek that was fought for about four decades starting from 431 to the 25th of April, 405 B.C.E. The war was between the two leading states; Sparta and Athens.

Sparta led the Peloponnesian League against the Athens led Delian League.

At the time, Athens was seen to experience a significant level of growth and development, thus, wielding a great amount of power and authority in the Greek world.

Hence, the principal cause of the Peloponnesian Wars was based on the fact that, Sparta was concerned about the growing power of Athens. Consequently, the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta won the war against Athens (Delian League) and this made Sparta the new leading power in Greece while Athens was badly destroyed and devastated.

A democratic system in which the named “ruler” is a symbolic head of state, and power rests in the hands of elected officials is the constitutional monarchy.

Explanation:

Constitutional monarchy is a form of state in which there is separation of powers, where the monarch holds the Executive Power appointing the government, while the Legislative Power, is exercised by an assembly or parliament, usually elected by citizens.

In opposition to absolute monarchy, political science distinguishes between constitutional monarchy and parliamentary monarchy. In the constitutional monarchies, the king retains the Executive Power. On the other hand, in the parliamentary monarchies, the Executive Power comes from the Legislative, which is elected by the citizens, the monarch being an essentially symbolic figure.

Current monarchies are mostly Parliamentarians.