When most americans say equality is an important value, they define equality as the opportunity for everyone to have a fair chance to succeed, and not the equality of outcomes.

This is a True or False question. And the answer is - True.

The founding element of the American society is the freedom to have a fair chance of succeeding in the search for luck and welfare. Being as diverse as american society, it can sometimes be difficult to promote such state of mind and a political philosophy. This principle is called meritocracy, and it is opposed to the equality of outcomes, or socialism.

The correct answer is C. Reversed

Complete question and statement:

Because of an aging population, Russia and Japan are expected to have population growth in the near future.  

The options are: doubled, increased, reversed and advanced

Source:

Explanation:

Russia: With its 146.8 million inhabitants, Russia ranks ninth in the world in terms of population. However, the population decreases for three reasons:

The first reason is obvious: many Russian regions are too cold to bear human presence. Most of the population is concentrated in the European part of the country, which covers only 23% of the entire territory.

The second must be sought in World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, the Soviet Union lost between 25 and 30 million people, and this demographic “hole” is repeated approximately, every 25 years: people who died in the early 1940s had no children and there was a demographic decline in the late 1960s by children who were not born due to this cause. In the 1990s there was another and now Russia faces its third "echo" of the war.

Finally, the third is the global trend towards a decrease in the number of annual births, whose number is less than the number of deaths.

Japan:  Of 127 million people in the total population, 13% exceed the age of 75 years and about 70,000 of its inhabitants are over 100 years old, which represents the most serious problem facing the country due to the cost at the level of protection and social security and also for the productive system.  

The decrease of the population of working age (15 - 64 years), is the biggest challenge facing the Japanese, as it threatens their economic growth by reducing their ability to produce wealth.

By 2049, it is estimated that this Asian country will reduce its population from 127 to 97 million, 30 million less than it currently has.