Which is an example of moral or political inequality? a. being elderly b. being weakened by disease c. having great strength of character d. having more power than others

the answer to your question is " D) having more power than others

Not knowing what title or author is being referenced, it is honestly hard be able to say what the writer’s argument is about knowing a second language. But writing a thesis statement in response to whatever the argument is could look like this, “Knowing a second language gives one an advantage in society and in education as proved by public perception and modern media.”
Again, not knowing the authors side of the argument or exactly what their argument amounted to, it would be be hard to write a response to it specifically.