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Number 15
You can find the rate of change by
rate of change = number of seeds/number of apples

So if you calculate one of the rows
rate of change = 30/3
rate of change = 10/1

Answer is a

Number 16
General formula to find the slope is
m = (y₂ - y₁) / (x₂ - x₁)

Choose 2 points to calculate the slope. I choose (1,4) and (3,12)
m = (y₂ - y₁) / (x₂ - x₁)
m = (12 - 4) / (3 - 1)
m = 8/2
m = 4

1. 12+19=31
2. -14
3.0