Mathematics: Suppose that the number of minutes that you need to wait for a bus is uniformly distributed on the interval [0, 15]. If you take the bus seven times, what is the probability that your longest wait is less than 12 minutes

Suppose that the number of minutes that you need to

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12.06.2021

0.2097 = 20.97% probability that your longest wait is less than 12 minutes

Step-by-step explanation:

To solve this question, we need to understand the uniform and the binomial distribution.

Uniform distribution:

A distribution is called uniform if each outcome has the same probability of happening.

The uniform distribution has two bounds, a and b, and the probability of finding a value lower than x is given by:

$P(X < x) = \frac{x - a}{b - a}$

Binomial probability distribution

The binomial probability is the probability of exactly x successes on n repeated trials, and X can only have two outcomes.

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

In which $C_{n,x}$ is the number of different combinations of x objects from a set of n elements, given by the following formula.

$C_{n,x} = \frac{n!}{x!(n-x)!}$

And p is the probability of X happening.

Probability of a single bus having a waiting time of less than 12 times:

Uniformly distributed on the interval [0, 15] means that a = 0, b = 15

$P(X < 12) = \frac{12 - 0}{15 - 0} = 0.8$

What is the probability that your longest wait is less than 12 minutes?

This is the probability that all 7 buses have waiting time less than 12 minutes, which is P(X = 7) when n = 7 , with p = 0.8 . So

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

$P(X = 7) = C_{7,7}.(0.8)^{7}.(0.2)^{0} = 0.2097$

0.2097 = 20.97% probability that your longest wait is less than 12 minutes

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