Find the magnitude of the Sun's gravitational force on the Earth when the Earth is at perihelion and at aphelion. The perihelion and aphelion distances are 1.48 ✕ 1011 m and 1.52 ✕ 1011 m, respectively.

Explanation:

Force F = GMm / R²

mass of the sun M = 1.99 x 10³⁰ kg

mass of the earth = 5.97 x 10²⁴ kg

value of G = 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹

for perihelion point R = 1.48 x 10¹¹ m

Force = 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ x  1.99 x 10³⁰ x 5.97 x 10²⁴ / ( 1.48 x 10¹¹ )²

= 36.17 x 10²¹ N  

for aphelion point R = 1.52 x 10¹¹ m

Force = 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ x  1.99 x 10³⁰ x 5.97 x 10²⁴ / ( 1.52 x 10¹¹ )²

= 34.29  x 10²¹ N  

(A-) Number of turns in secondary coil will be less than 125.

(B-) EXPLAIN- The voltage is to be lowered. The voltage will be reduced from 120 to 9 volts. As a result, a step down transformer will be used, indicating that the secondary coil's number of turns would be less than 125.

(C-) The number of turns on the secondary coil is 12.5

Explanation:

STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER - A step-down transformer transforms high voltage (HV) and low current from the transformer's primary side to low voltage (LV) and high current on the secondary side. A phase down transformer is the opposite of this.

In electrical networks and transmission lines, a step-down transformer can be used in a number of ways.

Step down transformer formula-

                 

We are given with the -

Primary voltage = 120V

Secondary voltage

Number of primary turns

To calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil -

       Since , the transformer ratio is given as -

                   

So, the number of turns on the secondary coil is -

            Putting , the given values -:

               

         =   12.5

Therefore , the number of turns on secondary coil is 12.5 .