Life course theories integrate personal, social, socialization, situational, and cognitive factors to explain human behavior. personality and intelligence are factors that can explain the onset and continuation of criminality.

I believe the answer is: Personal factors

In this context, personal factors refers to influences for us to do a certain behavior that come from the individuals rather than the environment.

For example, People with higher intelligence on average tend to communicate on a faster rate compared to people with normal language. This make it harder for them to socialize, which lead to them making less effort to form human relationships with other.

According to a different source, these are the passages that come with this question:

From "How Water Loss Affects Biodiversity":

"When a region experiences a significant drought, many animals may die from lack of water and food. [...] If tourism declines due to high wildlife casualties, then the locals who depend on income from tourism will lose their livelihood. People may then turn to farming to earn money, but crops require water to grow. This can place further strain on the water supply and worsen the original problem of the drought."

From "Water from the Air: Cloud Forests":

"Once cloud forests are cleared, the damage can be irreversible. The cloud cover, which is so essential to their livelihood, disperses. The soil degrades and erodes, washing down the mountain slopes. Many species vital to the ecosystem die off."

In these passages, the authors employ very similar language to describe the cycle that can take place in certain regions due to environmental degradation. In the first example, the author focuses on the effects of drought, and how this can impact the livelihood of people. He talks about the decline in tourism, and the effect on agriculture. He uses phrases with negative connotations such as "significant drought," "lose their livelihood,"  "further strain" and "worsen the original problem." All of these allow the author to explain the problems that arise in such a situation. On the other hand, the second passage also talks about the problems of a particular ecosystem, in this case, the loss of cloud cover. However, the article conveys a less negative or emotional tone. Moreover, the author does not mention how this loss affects human beings.