Spanish explorers arrived in present-day New Mexico looking for Native Americans in the area resisted the Spanish efforts to conquer them.

In the European race to colonial dominance, the Treaty of Tordesillas legitimized Spain’s holdings in the New World, indicating Spanish primacy over Portugal.

The successes of Columbus ushered in an era of Spanish conquest that led numerous other European explorers to attempt similar colonization projects.

Spain gained immense wealth from this expansionism, which translated into an influx of Spanish art and cultural capital.

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The philosophy drove 19th-century U.S. territorial expansion and was used to justify the forced removal of Native Americans and other groups from their homes

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