To study how proteins fold, scientists must be able to purify the protein of interest, use solvents to denature the folded protein, and observe the process of refolding at successive time points. what is the effect of the solvents used in the denaturation process?

   The solvents break all noncovalent interactions

Explanation: Non-covalent interactions, i.e. bonds in proteins, are necessary because such bonds allow the binding of large molecules such as proteins. In order for a scientist to study how proteins fold, he must break all noncovalent interactions, and does so with the help of solvents. The protein is denatured by the solvent, and the scientist observes, i.e. studies the process of refolding.

d. gender discrimination

Explanation:

Gender discrimantion can be defined as the way in which a person is been discriminated due to their ethics, sex, culture,and or their background.

Gender discrimination can also be seen as a discrimination which is based solely on a person's sex or gender and it most especially affect women and girls because some are of the belief that one sex is superior or better than the other and this can often lead to the person to be denied of some opportunities and privileges.

Gender discrimination can happen when someone is treated less well because of their sex Examples is when a woman is treated less well than a man.