Whitney decided to do an undergraduate research project on the bystander effect after learning about the phenomenon in her social psychology course. this represents which source of research ideas?

This represents the source of research ideas called classroom lecture.
There are several sources which can inspire and help someone to develop a research question. Some of them are theory, everyday occurrence, serendipity and past research. In this case, Whitney was taught about the bystander effect in her social psychology course and she was inspired to undertake an undergraduate research project on this subject. 
 

A) False. There are two reasons why this statement would be considered false. First, the main reason why advertising on TV is persuasive is not because of text, but because of factors such as bright colors, lively graphics or celebrity endorsement. Second, advertisements do not always convince people of the high quality of their products. Instead, they try to convince them of factors such as the "trendiness" or popularity of a product.

B) True. It is likely that if you go into a shop without buying anything, the workers might consider you a "free-rider" and thus do not spend a lot of time solving your questions.

C) False. Although lawyers that make a lot of money are generally those who are very successful, this is not always the case. Lawyers, like any other professional, can be talented without being rich or ostentatious, and therefore, this is not the best way to chose a lawyer.

D) True. As you look for a spouse, you have a lot more options when you live in a bigger community. With more options, the chances of you finding a suitable match increase. Therefore, the benefit of searching for a spouse is affected by the size of your community.