1: Describe the Early Ideas about Natural Selection 2: Who was Charles Darwin and what was his contribution to science?

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BIG BRAIN ANSWER:

Before Darwin, a naturalist named Jean-Babtiste Lamarck believed that the environment altered the shape of individuals and that these acquired changes were then inherited. Meanwhile, Charles Darwin was a naturalist on a ship called the HMS Beagle, and he discovered that the beak shape varies among finch species in the Galapagos Islands. He found that the beak of an ancestral species of finch had somehow been transported to these islands, and adapted over time to acquire different food sources that were available, causing variation, and that nature just selected for the most suitable beak shape and against less useful ones.

social facilitation

Explanation:

The concept of social facilitation was first proposed by Norman Triplett. After observing a cycling event, in which he noticed that cyclist performed better when they have others around competing with them, rather than cycling alone just against time. This led him to duct an experiment where he gave some children strings to wound fishing reel. He observed that, children wound the fishing reel faster in the presence of other children performing similar task, when compared to when perform such task alone.

This concept discovered by Norman Triplett, best illustrates the concept of social facilitation, which posits that, individuals tend to perform better in the mere presence of others or when they perform a task with others, than when performing the task alone.