Describe the relationship between a species and a population?

A population is a group of organisms of the same species living in a given area. A community is all species living and interacting in a given area.

The two major causes of the inherited genetic variation are 1-mutations during DNA replication and 2-crossing over during meiosis

Explanation:

The mutations are changes in the genetic information that may be inherited when they occur in germline cells (i.e. sperms and ova). Mutations include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions (collectively named indels), and major chromosome arrangements such as, for example, aneuploidy, centric fusion, duplications, etc. On the other hand, the crossing over or recombination is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of Meiosis. Recombination is a phenomenon that generates new genetic combinations in the gametes and thus increase genetic diversity. Both germline mutations and crossing over events increase genetic variation in the offspring of the next generation, thereby these phenomena represent sources of inherited variation.