Describe what anti-parallel strands means.

Anti-parallel: DNA strands are complementary and parallel, but they go in opposite directions, the antiparallel structure of DNA is important in DNA replication because it replicates the leading strand one way and the lagging strand the other way

Explanation:

d. fungi that are autotrophic decomposers.

Explanation:

Fungi are heterotrophic plants which do not have chlorophyll,stems,roots or leaves.

They feed on dead matter.

One of the classification of fungi is Ascomycota. They possess a sac called ascus. In this ascus their spores called ascospores, are produced. An ascus usually contains eight ascospores . When they mature, a hole is formed on top of the sac-like ascus and the spores are pushed out from there.

The spores germinate when they land on a conducive substrate.

An example of Ascomycota is yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae),which is found in decaying fruits, milk and in the soil.

Yeast are anaerobes and are capable of fermenting glucose to yield ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Yeast is useful in baking to make the dough rise, due to the carbon dioxide formed during fermentation.

Penicillium roquefort is useful in making blue cheese. It is a deuteromycota.

Fungi that are associated with bread mould are zygomycota. Eg Mucor mucedo

A fungi (Puccinia graminis) causes black stem wheat rust.it is a basidiomycota