Hen does translation begin in prokaryotic cells? A) after a transcription initiation complex has been formed B) as soon as transcription has begun C) after the 5ʹ caps are converted to mRNA D) once the pre-mRNA has been converted to mRNA E) as soon as the DNA introns are removed from the template

A) after a transcription initiation complex has been formed

Explanation:

Translation is the process of formation of protein and transcription is process of formation of RNA.

In prokaryotes, trancription and translation coupled with each other. Translation process in prokaryotic cells occurs with the formation of transcription initiation complex and follows three stages initiation, elongation and termination.

In prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation begin together because mRNA is produced in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes, the start codons of an mRNA being transcribed are available to ribosomes before the entire mRNA molecule is even made.

Hence, the correct option is A.

- Rate of respiration is relatively constant throughout the day. It can be concluded that plants do not rely on sunlight to respire.

- Rate of photosynthesis varies at different times of the day and it occurs at its greatest at noon. It can be concluded that plants rely heavily on sunlight to photosynthesise.

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