How can a mutation in a gene affect the traits an organism has

Genetic variations that alter gene activity or protein function can introduce different traits in an organism. If a trait is advantageous and helps the individual survive and reproduce, the genetic variation is more likely to be passed to the next generation (a process known as natural selection).

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The function of the esophagus is to transport material from the mouth to the stomach and to prevent GER by providing an important barrier, that is, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the esophagus.

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