How do cells repair themselves?

The newly conceived embryo consists of stem cells that soon begin differentiating themselves into the different kind if mature cells. It turns out that during this differentiation process that proteasomes go to work, breaking down the damaged proteins and generally turning up the engine. hope this helps. ;))) 

Together the crust and upper mantle are called the lithosphere and they extend about 80 km deep.The tectonic plates are made up of Earth's crust and the upper part of the mantle layer underneath